C1 · Advanced

Law & Justice — C1 English Vocabulary

This C1 vocabulary list gathers 60 advanced English words about law & justice — higher courts, rights and redress. Every word comes with its British-English pronunciation and a natural example sentence, so you learn each one in real context. When you are ready, open the flashcards to practise and remember them for good.

  1. jurisprudence/ˌdʒʊə.rɪsˈpruː.dəns/

    “She studies jurisprudence.”

  2. litigant/ˈlɪt.ɪ.ɡənt/

    “Each litigant hired a lawyer.”

  3. claimant/ˈkleɪ.mənt/

    “The claimant won damages.”

  4. arbitration/ˌɑː.bɪˈtreɪ.ʃən/

    “The dispute went to arbitration.”

  5. adjudicate/əˈdʒuː.dɪ.keɪt/

    “A panel will adjudicate the claim.”

  6. indictment/ɪnˈdaɪt.mənt/

    “He faces a serious indictment.”

  7. indict/ɪnˈdaɪt/

    “They may indict the official.”

  8. exonerate/ɪɡˈzɒn.ə.reɪt/

    “New facts exonerate the accused.”

  9. incriminate/ɪnˈkrɪm.ɪ.neɪt/

    “The letter could incriminate him.”

  10. culpable/ˈkʌl.pə.bəl/

    “The driver was culpable.”

  11. culpability/ˌkʌl.pəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/

    “The court weighed his culpability.”

  12. mitigating/ˈmɪt.ɪ.ɡeɪ.tɪŋ/

    “There were mitigating circumstances.”

  13. precedent/ˈpres.ɪ.dənt/

    “The ruling set a precedent.”

  14. tort/tɔːt/

    “It is a matter of tort law.”

  15. subpoena/səˈpiː.nə/

    “He received a subpoena.”

  16. affidavit/ˌæf.ɪˈdeɪ.vɪt/

    “She signed an affidavit.”

  17. deposition/ˌdep.əˈzɪʃ.ən/

    “The lawyer took a deposition.”

  18. plea bargain/ˈpliː ˌbɑː.ɡɪn/

    “He accepted a plea bargain.”

  19. acquittal/əˈkwɪt.əl/

    “The acquittal surprised everyone.”

  20. mistrial/ˌmɪsˈtraɪ.əl/

    “The judge declared a mistrial.”

  21. appellate/əˈpel.ət/

    “It went to the appellate court.”

  22. reprieve/rɪˈpriːv/

    “The prisoner won a reprieve.”

  23. clemency/ˈklem.ən.si/

    “He pleaded for clemency.”

  24. amnesty/ˈæm.nə.sti/

    “The government offered an amnesty.”

  25. extradite/ˈek.strə.daɪt/

    “They will extradite the suspect.”

  26. extradition/ˌek.strəˈdɪʃ.ən/

    “An extradition request was filed.”

  27. venue/ˈven.juː/

    “The trial venue was changed.”

  28. impeachment/ɪmˈpiːtʃ.mənt/

    “The impeachment failed.”

  29. defamatory/dɪˈfæm.ə.tər.i/

    “The article was defamatory.”

  30. slander/ˈslɑːn.də/

    “She sued for slander.”

  31. libel/ˈlaɪ.bəl/

    “The paper was guilty of libel.”

  32. negligence/ˈneɡ.lɪ.dʒəns/

    “The case turned on negligence.”

  33. indemnity/ɪnˈdem.nɪ.ti/

    “The contract includes an indemnity.”

  34. restitution/ˌres.tɪˈtjuː.ʃən/

    “The court ordered restitution.”

  35. damages/ˈdæm.ɪ.dʒɪz/

    “He was awarded heavy damages.”

  36. judiciary/dʒuːˈdɪʃ.ər.i/

    “The judiciary must stay independent.”

  37. legislator/ˈledʒ.ɪ.sleɪ.tə/

    “Each legislator gets one vote.”

  38. constitutional/ˌkɒn.stɪˈtjuː.ʃən.əl/

    “It raises a constitutional question.”

  39. unconstitutional/ˌʌn.kɒn.stɪˈtjuː.ʃən.əl/

    “The law was ruled unconstitutional.”

  40. mandatory/ˈmæn.də.tər.i/

    “There is a mandatory sentence.”

  41. binding/ˈbaɪn.dɪŋ/

    “The contract is legally binding.”

  42. nullify/ˈnʌl.ɪ.faɪ/

    “The court may nullify the deal.”

  43. arbitrary/ˈɑː.bɪ.trər.i/

    “It was an arbitrary decision.”

  44. due process/ˌdjuː ˈprəʊ.ses/

    “Everyone is entitled to due process.”

  45. habeas corpus/ˌheɪ.bi.əs ˈkɔː.pəs/

    “They invoked habeas corpus.”

  46. malpractice/ˌmælˈpræk.tɪs/

    “The doctor was sued for malpractice.”

  47. perpetrate/ˈpɜː.pə.treɪt/

    “Who could perpetrate such a crime?”

  48. abscond/əbˈskɒnd/

    “They may abscond with the funds.”

  49. embezzle/ɪmˈbez.əl/

    “She tried to embezzle the cash.”

  50. extort/ɪkˈstɔːt/

    “They attempted to extort money.”

  51. coerce/kəʊˈɜːs/

    “They tried to coerce him into signing.”

  52. coercion/kəʊˈɜː.ʃən/

    “The confession was made under coercion.”

  53. duress/djʊˈres/

    “He acted under duress.”

  54. recidivism/rɪˈsɪd.ɪ.vɪ.zəm/

    “The programme cut recidivism.”

  55. custodial/kʌsˈtəʊ.di.əl/

    “He got a custodial sentence.”

  56. exemption/ɪɡˈzemp.ʃən/

    “They claimed a tax exemption.”

  57. waiver/ˈweɪ.və/

    “She signed a liability waiver.”

  58. covenant/ˈkʌv.ən.ənt/

    “The deal included a covenant.”

  59. mediator/ˈmiː.di.eɪ.tə/

    “A mediator helped them agree.”

  60. ruling/ˈruː.lɪŋ/

    “The ruling pleased nobody.”